MP3tag will do the job. It allows tagging the files based on file names and vice versa, enabling you to transfer the naming structure you created directly to the FLACs' Vorbis Comments.
Simply right-click your FLAC collection and choose "file name --> tag" (should be something like that, can't have a look at it since I'm running a few system updates on Linux right now), in the follow-up window you'll be able to configure the way MP3tag should process the data. Test your settings with a single file then, if everything worked out as intended you could make MP3tag rewrite the whole audio collection.